Baroque study guide

Baroque Dates (1600-1750) 1 . What does musical style mean? Different types of musical compositions demonstrable throughout different eras 2. What was going historically during this era? What was life like? New ideas and art was being introduced incessantlyywhere. It was a time of personal expression and drama. in that respect was controversy between Catholics and Protestants which caused long periods of religious war. It was as well as a time of scientific research and astronomical studies. 3. Was did the term Baroque originally mean? Odd, irregular,rough, or uneven 4. Why did early fancyness composers favor homophony?It was a new concept in texture, a dividing line in one voice support by a harmony in the others 5. What texture did late baroque composers prefer? Homophony 6. The musical style of the Baroque era began in what country and because spread throughout Europe? Italy 7. Church modes gradually gave way to what? The major and minor scales 8. Did instrumental music bec ome Just as principal(prenominal) as vocal music? Yes 9. What are some characteristic traits of baroque rhythms? Fast harmonic, often continuous, made up of repeating patterns 10. What are some characteristic traits of baroque melodies? Often are elaborated and ornamental.They give the impression of dynamic expansion. A characteristic often found in baroque melodies is a short start phrase followed by a longer phrase with an unbroken flow of rapid notes. 11. What are the dynamics like in Baroque music? incisive shifts from loud to soft achieved by adding or subtracting instruments. 12. Were chords becoming more important? Yes 13. What voices or parts become more important? The outermost voices (bass and soprano) acquired a ascendent position. 14. What is the basso continuo? What instruments play it? A strong, supporting, continuous bass line played by a cello, bassoon, or string bass 15.What was a baroque orchestra like? Basically string ensembles with a few wind instruments 16. What family of instruments were the most important? The violin family 17. What is a movement? Did baroque compositions often consist of triune movements? A movement is a semi-independent section within a work, in baroque compositions there were many enlivenment works 18. What is the primary or most important way that the movements might contrast one other? They should contrast in tempo, key, material, texture, and timbre, but cost importantly, only one mood should be expressed 19.What is opera house? What does it include? Where was it invented? The opera is a musical drama that tells a story and is sung throughout. It began in Greece. 20. What is the libretto? The texts that early operas were composed to. 21. What is an aria? A song-like vocal piece, more implicated with music than with text, and go with by an orchestra. They often form soaring melodies, metered rhythm, and formal design 22. What is a recitative? It is a style of delivery much used in operas in which a singer is allowed to adopt the withys of ordinary speech.It does not repeat lines as formally composed songs do. It resembles sung ordinary speech more than a formal musical composition. 23. What is a dad capo aria? A form with an ABA design. The prototypical and second sections contrasting in mood, melodic material, and key, are presented then the singer repeats the first section adding vocal embellishments 24. What is the ground bass aria? Composing a piece over a bass station. The bass pattern recurs throughout the piece, supporting the melody and harmonies above it 25. What is the first significant opera? Monteverdi LOreal 6. What is an oratorio?A vocal dramatic work conceived for entertainment based on a religious thing often with a story derived from the Old Testament 27. What is a passion? A passion is a special oratorio telling the story of Chrisms crucifixion. Includes recitatives, arias and choruses 28. What is a chorale? A Lutheran congregational hymn tune 29. What is a churc h cantata? A enlivenment vocal dramatic work often accompanied by an organ and a small orchestra 30. What is a sonata? What are the different types? A enlivenment form for one or more solo instruments accompanied by a basso intuition.The different types were Sonata dad camera (concert performance) and Sonata dad cheese (church performance) 31 . What is a fugue? A polyphonic composition with both to 6 melodic lines or voices 32. What is a prelude? A brief keyboard piece that may be either an independent composition or the introduction to another piece or set of pieces 33. What is a suite? (often called a Baroque or dance suite) A enlivenment piece composed for the lute or keyboard with the style, tempo, and danceable patterns of a particular dance 34. What is a confusion? Any of several forms usually of Italian origin.It refers to orchestral introductions to operas and cantatas. 35. What is the concerto gross? A solo concerto? How many movements does it have? A concerto gross is s mall group of solo instruments that accompany a string orchestra. A solo concerto is instead only one instrument. They both for the most part have three movements 36. What is the arteriole form and how does it work? A retooling is the form that typically begins a movement. Retooling form focuses on a contrast between two musical ideas. The idea presented in the retooling will be revisited many times again in the song. 37.What is a toccata? Form for lute or keyboard exploiting technicality and brilliance. It has a flexible rhythm and elaborate embellishment of the melody lines. 38. What are terraced dynamics? Moving hands from one keyboard to another, abruptly, causing changes in dynamic level Composers recreate include the following for each (l need to be able to tell that you read about them and did not Just Google them or use Wakefield, etc. And copied and pasted-read your casebook please) a. Dates b. Nationality c. Importance/major contribution d. Types of compositions e. Extr a little tidbit 39.Claudio Monteverdi 1567-1643) Was an Italian composer who referred to the two styles of compositions as the first (Polyphonic texture, music dominates text, Church music) and second(Homophobic texture, text dominates music, laic songs) practices of music. He wrote his madrigals in the new expressive style (second practice) observing specific tonal principles. His opera LOreal was considered the first great opera. He also served as the hazan for SST. Marks in Venice for thirty years 40. Henry Purcell (1659-1695) An English composer know for his mastery of composing over a ground.He composed moving arias and operas. He was also an organist and wrote chorale music, keyboard works, and instrumental music. 41. Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) He was an Italian Baroque composer, get worder, and priest. He traveled all over Europe as a guest conductor of opera and orchestral performances. He wrote choral and orchestral compositions along with operas. His most famous compos ition is his set of four violin concertos, The four seasons. 42. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Bach was a German composer, organist, harpsichordist, violist, and violinist. Bachs compositions were mainly performed for the church.He produced a read amount of choral music and two large oratorios called Passions. He wrote mainly for practical purposes such as to teach or to compose music for the church. He also composed a beautiful Mass which contained some the most well known music ever written. 43. G. F. Handel (1685-1759) Was a German composer known for his successful operas and later for his oratorios. His works had much dramatic flair. He is best recognized for his oratorio, Messiah which included the well known Hallelujah chorus. He considered this work to be divinely inspired and composed it in only about three weeks.